Chhath Puja is an ancient Hindu festival primarily celebrated in Bihar, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh. It's dedicated to the Sun God and Chhathi Maiya, seeking blessings for health and prosperity.
The festival is one of the oldest in India, dating back to the Vedic period. References to sun worship and the power of solar energy can be found in texts like the Rigveda, linking it to Chhath.
The festival spans four days with a strict regimen of fasting, prayer, and cleanliness. Devotees, especially women, observe these to cleanse their bodies and minds, seeking divine grace.
On Day 1, known as "Nahai-Khai," devotees purify themselves and clean their homes. A simple meal is prepared and offered, marking the beginning of the Puja with purity and devotion.
Day 2 is "Kharna," a day of fasting from sunrise to sunset. Devotees break their fast at night with offerings of kheer, chapati, and fruits, dedicating these foods to the Sun and Earth.
The third day is the main event. "Sandhya Arghya" involves offering water to the setting sun, where devotees pray standing in rivers or ponds, symbolizing gratitude for life and sustenance.
On the fourth day, "Usha Arghya" is observed. Devotees offer prayers to the rising sun, completing the cycle. This marks the end of fasting, with a sense of fulfillment and divine blessings.
Chhathi Maiya, often identified with Usha, the wife of the Sun God, is also worshiped. She is believed to protect children, and families pray for their children's safety and prosperity.
Fasting during Chhath is strict and observed with immense discipline. Abstaining from food and water for long periods shows reverence and a test of physical and mental strength.
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